The 2002 MTF lettersrs the sixth time in the sphere of a row with the aim of illicit drug bring into play in the middle of 8th, 10th, and 12th graders remained permanent or else decreased. In the sphere of special, the proportion of 8th and 10th graders coverage the bring into play of some illicit drug in the sphere of the previous 12 months declined significantly from 2001 to 2002. The decrease in the sphere of illicit drug bring into play in the middle of 8th graders continues a decline begun in the sphere of 1997, but this is the pioneer considerable decline in the middle of 10th graders since 1998.
Precise decreases were renowned in the sphere of the bring into play of marijuana, a few union drugs, cigarettes, and alcohol. On behalf of case in point, marijuana bring into play in the sphere of the older time decreased significantly in the middle of 10th graders, triumph its lowest rate since 1995. Marijuana bring into play by 8th graders besides has declined in the sphere of topical years and is at this moment by its lowest level since 1994.
In the sphere of addition, the 2002 survey found the bring into play of MDMA (ecstasy) decreased in the sphere of each kind in the sphere of all three grades. Considerable decreases occurred in the sphere of older time and older month categories on behalf of 10th graders.
Besides, LSD bring into play showed main changes from 2001 to 2002, with duty of bring into play decreasing markedly across the board to the lowest duty of bring into play in the sphere of the history of the survey.
On behalf of alcohol, the bring into play duty on behalf of 8th and 10th graders are by top score lows in the sphere of the history of the survey in the sphere of folks grades (since 1991).
Bring into play of anabolic, androgenic steroids remained permanent from 2001 to 2002 in the sphere of both grade and kind.
Bring into play of amphetamines is down significantly on behalf of 8th graders in the sphere of period and older time categories from 2001 to 2002. Nonmedical bring into play of methylphenidate (Ritalin®) was permanent, with older time duty by 2.8 percent on behalf of 8th graders, 4.8 percent on behalf of 10th graders, and 4.0 percent of 12th graders in the sphere of 2002.
On behalf of the pioneer period, in the sphere of 2002 the MTF survey looked by the mistreat and/or nonmedical bring into play of the prescription drugs Oxycontin ® and Vicodin. Nonmedical bring into play of Oxycontin ® in the sphere of the older time was reported by 4.0 percent of 12th graders, and Vicodin bring into play in the sphere of the same period episode was reported by 9.6 percent of 12th graders.
The solitary considerable increases in the sphere of drug bring into play in the sphere of the 2002 were older time crack bring into play by 10th graders, from 1.8 percent in the sphere of 2001 to 2.3 percent in the sphere of 2002, and older time sedative bring into play by 12th graders, from 5.9 percent in the sphere of 2001 to 7.0 percent in the sphere of 2002.
Perceived venture of impair, displeasure, & Perceived Availability
In the sphere of addition to studying drug bring into play in the middle of 8th, 10th, and 12th graders, MTF collects in a row on three attitudinal indicators interconnected to drug bring into play. These are perceived venture of impair in the sphere of taking a drug, displeasure of others who take drugs, and perceived availability of drugs.
The following attitudinal changes are from 2001 to 2002:
Both perceived venture and displeasure of annoying marijuana once upon a time or else twice increased in the middle of 10th graders; 12th graders, however, showed a decrease in the sphere of the perceived venture of smoking marijuana frequently.
Displeasure of MDMA (ecstasy) bring into play increased significantly from 2001 to 2002 in the middle of students in the sphere of all three grades. In the sphere of addition, perceived venture of sporadic MDMA bring into play increased in the middle of 8th graders and perceived venture of annoying it once upon a time or else twice increased in the middle of 10th and 12th graders.
Perceived venture and displeasure of annoying LSD once upon a time or else twice both increased in the middle of 12th graders, but in the middle of 10th graders perceived venture of regular LSD bring into play decreased. Notably, perceived availability of LSD declined in the middle of students in the sphere of all three grades.
Perceived venture of annoying inhalants once upon a time or else twice declined in the middle of 8th graders, and perceived venture of regular bring into play of these substances decreased in the middle of 10th graders.
In the middle of 8th graders, perceived availability of amphetamines decreased.
Bring into play Trends — precise Drugs
Cigarettes & Smokeless Tobacco
Cigarette bring into play declined in the sphere of both grade and several categories of bring into play concerning 2001 and 2002. This follows several years of gradual decreases in the sphere of cigarette smoking with the aim of ongoing later 1996 on behalf of 8th graders and 1997 on behalf of 10th and 12th graders. However, year-to-year declines assert not every time been statistically considerable in the sphere of all grades, and the decreases seen concerning 2001 and 2002 are particularly notable.
Period bring into play: 8th grade – from 36.6 percent in the sphere of 2001 to 31.4 percent in the sphere of 2002; 10th grade – 52.8 percent to 47.4 percent; 12th grade – 61.0 percent to 57.2 percent.
Older month bring into play: 8th grade – 12.2 percent in the sphere of 2001 to 10.7 percent in the sphere of 2002; 10th grade – 21.3 percent to 17.7 percent; 12th grade – 29.5 percent to 26.7 percent.
Each day bring into play in the sphere of older month: 10th grade – 12.2 percent in the sphere of 2001 to 10.1 percent in the sphere of 2002; 12th grade – 19.0 percent to 16.9 percent.
Bring into play of bidis (small, flavored cigarettes from India) in the sphere of the older time declined in the middle of 10th graders from 4.9 percent in the sphere of 2001 to 3.1 percent in the sphere of 2002. Bring into play of bidis in the older time was reported by 2.7 percent of 8th graders and 5.9 percent of 12th graders in the sphere of 2002. Bring into play of Kreteks (clove-flavored cigarettes from Indonesia) in the sphere of the older time was reported by 2.6 percent of 8th graders, 4.9 percent of 10th graders, and 8.4 percent of 12th graders in the sphere of 2002.
Period bring into play of smokeless tobacco by 10th graders declined from 19.5 percent in the sphere of 2001 to 16.9 percent in the sphere of 2002.
MDMA (Ecstasy)
Duty of MDMA (ecstasy) bring into play decreased significantly in the middle of 10th graders. On behalf of this grade, older time bring into play decreased from 6.2 percent in the sphere of 2001 to 4.9 percent in the sphere of 2002 and older month bring into play went from 2.6 percent to 1.8 percent. Bring into play by 8th and 12th graders besides showed secret language of decline.
Marijuana
In the middle of 10th graders, marijuana/hashish bring into play in the sphere of the older time decreased from 32.7 percent in the sphere of 2001 to 30.3 percent in the sphere of 2002; older month bring into play decreased from 19.8 percent to 17.8 percent; and each day bring into play in the sphere of the older month decreased from 4.5 percent to 3.9 percent. These are all statistically considerable decreases.
On behalf of 8th graders in the sphere of 2002, the older time marijuana bring into play rate – 14.6 percent – is the lowest rate seen since 1994, and well underneath the greatest of 18.3 percent in the sphere of 1996.
Cocaine and Crack
Cocaine (powder) bring into play remained statistically unchanged across the board from 2001 to 2002. This comes later declines in the sphere of cocaine bring into play in the middle of 10th graders from 2000 to 2001, and in the middle of 12th graders concerning 1999 and 2000. Older time bring into play of powder cocaine was reported by 1.8 percent of 8th graders, 3.4 percent of 10th graders, and 4.4 percent of 12th graders. Older time bring into play of cocaine in the sphere of some form was reported by 2.3 percent of 8th graders, 4.0 percent of 10th graders, and 5.0 percent of 12th graders.
Crack bring into play, however, showed a considerable add to in the sphere of older time bring into play in the middle of 10th graders in the sphere of 2002, habitual to around its 2000 level following a decline in the sphere of 2001.
Alcohol
Concerning 2001 and 2002, considerable reductions in the sphere of alcohol bring into play were reported in the middle of 8th and 10th graders in the sphere of many categories, plus period, older time, and older month.
Duty of having interminably been drunk and of having been drunk in the sphere of the older time decreased on behalf of 8th and 10th graders. In the middle of 10th graders, the rate of splurge drinking (five or else further drinks in the sphere of a row) in the sphere of the older 2 weeks declined, because did the past-month rate of having been drunk.
Heroin & Other Opiates
Heroin bring into play by 8th, 10th and 12th graders remained permanent from 2001 to 2002 following a decline from 2000 to 2001 in the middle of 10th and 12th graders. In the sphere of both grade, older time bring into play duty were not far off from 1.0 percent.
These are the results of questions added to the 2002 survey on the nonmedical bring into play of Oxycontin ® and Vicodin(3) in the sphere of the older time:
Oxycontin ® bring into play in the sphere of the older time with no a doctor's guidelines was reported by 1.3 percent of 8th graders, 3.0 percent of 10th graders, and 4.0 percent of 12th graders.
The nonmedical bring into play of Vicodin in the sphere of the older time was reported by 2.5 percent of 8th graders, 6.9 percent of 10th graders, and 9.6 percent of 12th graders.
Inhalants
In the sphere of 2002, inhalant bring into play in the middle of 8th and 10th graders was the lowest seen in the sphere of these grades since their addition to the survey in the sphere of 1991. In the middle of 8th graders, period bring into play decreased from 17.1 percent in the sphere of 2001 to 15.2 percent in the sphere of 2002, and from 15.2 percent to 13.5 percent in the middle of 10th graders. Bring into play duty in the middle of 12th graders were by their lowest in the sphere of not far off from 20 years.
However, the 2002 survey reported a decline in the middle of 8th graders in the sphere of the perceived venture of annoying inhalants once upon a time or else twice, and the perceived venture of regular bring into play of inhalants besides decreased in the middle of 10th graders. Historically, changes in the sphere of "perceived risk" attend to to predict increases or else declines in the sphere of bring into play duty on behalf of following years.
Hallucinogens
Hallucinogen bring into play in the sphere of the period, older time, and older month declined on behalf of 12th graders, and older time bring into play was down in the middle of 10th graders. LSD in the sphere of special showed main changes from 2001 to 2002. Duty of bring into play decreased markedly across the board. Older time bring into play, on behalf of case in point, declined from 6.6 percent in the sphere of 2001 to 3.5 percent in the sphere of 2002 in the middle of 12th graders, from 4.1 percent to 2.6 percent in the middle of 10th graders, and from 2.2 percent to 1.5 percent in the middle of 8th graders. These are the lowest duty of LSD bring into play in the sphere of the history of the survey on behalf of both grade
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